Caption

Bladder prolapse (fallen bladder).This is a grade 3 cystocele. A cystocele is the result of the wall between the bladder and vagina weakening. This causes the bladder to drop into the vagina, leading to incontinence and difficulty emptying the bladder. A cystocele may be caused by muscle straining during childbirth, heavy lifting or repeated straining during bowel movements. Grade 3 cystocele is when the bladder bulges out through the vaginal opening. Treatments include surgery, exercises, and oestrogen replacement therapy.